"The resolution of the House of Commons, of the 27th of February last, has been placed in Your Excellency's hands, and intimations given at the same time that further pacific measures were likely to follow.Since which, until the present time, we have had no direct communications with England; but a mail is now arrived, which brings us very important information.We are acquainted, sir, by authority, that negotiations for a general peace have already commenced at Paris, and that Mr.Grenville is invested with full powers to treat with all the parties at war, and is now at Paris in execution of his commission.And we are further, sir, made acquainted, that His Majesty, in order to remove any obstacles to this peace which he so ardently wishes to restore, has commanded his ministers to direct Mr.Grenville, that the independence of the Thirteen United Provinces, should be proposed by him in the first instance, instead of ****** it a condition of a general treaty." Now, taking your present measures into view, and comparing them with the declaration in this letter, pray what is the word of your king, or his ministers, or the Parliament, good for? Must we not look upon you as a confederated body of faithless, treacherous men, whose assurances are fraud, and their language deceit? What opinion can we possibly form of you, but that you are a lost, abandoned, profligate nation, who sport even with your own character, and are to be held by nothing but the bayonet or the halter?
To say, after this, that the sun of Great Britain will be set whenever she acknowledges the independence of America, when the not doing it is the unqualified lie of government, can be no other than the language of ridicule, the jargon of inconsistency.There were thousands in America who predicted the delusion, and looked upon it as a trick of treachery, to take us from our guard, and draw off our attention from the only system of finance, by which we can be called, or deserve to be called, a sovereign, independent people.
The fraud, on your part, might be worth attempting, but the sacrifice to obtain it is too high.
There are others who credited the assurance, because they thought it impossible that men who had their characters to establish, would begin with a lie.The prosecution of the war by the former ministry was savage and horrid; since which it has been mean, trickish, and delusive.The one went greedily into the passion of revenge, the other into the subtleties of low contrivance; till, between the crimes of both, there is scarcely left a man in America, be he Whig or Tory, who does not despise or detest the conduct of Britain.
The management of Lord Shelburne, whatever may be his views, is a caution to us, and must be to the world, never to regard British assurances.A perfidy so notorious cannot be hid.It stands even in the public papers of New York, with the names of Carleton and Digby affixed to it.It is a proclamation that the king of England is not to be believed; that the spirit of lying is the governing principle of the ministry.It is holding up the character of the House of Commons to public infamy, and warning all men not to credit them.Such are the consequences which Lord Shelburne's management has brought upon his country.
After the authorized declarations contained in Carleton and Digby's letter, you ought, from every motive of honor, policy and prudence, to have fulfilled them, whatever might have been the event.It was the least atonement that you could possibly make to America, and the greatest kindness you could do to yourselves; for you will save millions by a general peace, and you will lose as many by continuing the war.
COMMON SENSE.PHILADELPHIA, Oct.29, 1782.
P.S.The manuscript copy of this letter is sent your lordship, by the way of our head-quarters, to New York, inclosing a late pamphlet of mine, addressed to the Abbe Raynal, which will serve to give your lordship some idea of the principles and sentiments of America.C.S.A Supernumerary Crisis - Thomas Paine A Supernumerary Crisis A SUPERNUMERARY CRISIS TO THE PEOPLE OF AMERICA.IN " Rivington's New York Gazette ," of December 6th, is a publication, under the appearance of a letter from London, dated September 30th; and is on a subject which demands the attention of the United States.
The public will remember that a treaty of commerce between the United States and England was set on foot last spring, and that until the said treaty could be completed, a bill was brought into the British Parliament by the then chancellor of the exchequer, Mr.
Pitt, to admit and legalize (as the case then required) the commerce of the United States into the British ports and dominions.But neither the one nor the other has been completed.The commercial treaty is either broken off, or remains as it began; and the bill in Parliament has been thrown aside.And in lieu thereof, a selfish system of English politics has started up, calculated to fetter the commerce of America, by engrossing to England the carrying trade of the American produce to the West India islands.
Among the advocates for this last measure is Lord Sheffield, a member of the British Parliament, who has published a pamphlet entitled "Observations on the Commerce of the American States." The pamphlet has two objects; the one is to allure the Americans to purchase British manufactures; and the other to spirit up the British Parliament to prohibit the citizens of the United States from trading to the West India islands.
