New Jersey became a massive industrial center during the early 1800s．Trenton，Camden（卡姆登，美国新泽西州西部的一座城市，靠近特拉华河与费城相对。沃特·惠特曼曾于1873年至1892年在此居住。），Passaic（帕塞伊克，美国新泽西州东北部的一座城市，在帕特森南部流长约129公里（80英里）的帕塞伊克河畔。1678年荷兰商人移民于此地，是座高度工业化的城市。），Jersey City and Newark all became major manufacturing cities．Paterson became a textile center and later became known for producing trains and silk．Trenton produced clay products，iron，and steel．Industries increased as transportation expanded in South Jersey seashore areas by railroad and canal construction．Thousands came from Europe to work in the factories．
Although many sympathized with the South，New Jersey soldiers fought for the Union during the Civil War（1861—1865）．During the Civil War，New Jersey provided 31regiments（groups of soldiers），including cavalry（骑兵）（soldiers on horseback）and infantry（步兵）（soldiers on foot）．Over 25，000New Jersey men fought for the Union，and New Jersey soldiers participated in almost every major Eastern battle．
After the war，several large corporations moved to New Jersey and cities like Trenton，Newark，Paterson，and Camden got bigger as immigrants from Europe came to work in them．The state then passed several laws that restricted business monopolies（垄断，垄断者）and provided workers’compensation and a public utilities commission．
At first，most immigrants came from Ireland and Germany．Later，people came from Italy and from countries throughout Eastern Europe．In 1910half the state’s population was born or had parents who were born outside the United States．As city populations grew，farm populations shrank（减少）．
With so many people working in factories，issues like child labor and protection for workers became important．The popularity of these reforms brought Woodrow Wilson to power as governor in 1910．He left office in 1913to become President of the United States and is the only New Jersey governor to become president．
The state’s economic expansion had a lot to do with the genius（天才，天赋）of its inventors．Thomas Edison is probably most famous．Among his thousands of inventions，including the light bulb（电灯泡），Edison helped develop the motion picture while working in New Jersey．
During World War I（1914—1918），thousands of soldiers left for Europe from the Hudson River．New Jersey factories made chemicals．Soldiers trained at Fort Dix．When the Great Depression hit in 1929，factories closed and many lost their jobs．The state rebounded（回弹）during World War II（1939—1945）as New Jersey’s electronics and chemical industries began largescale operations．
After the war，people began moving back into the rural areas from the overcrowded（过度拥挤的）cities．A number of transportation projects helped better connect New Jersey．The New Jersey Turnpike（收费公路）was completed in 1952and the Garden State Parkway（驾车专用道路）opened in 1955．
Poverty stricken and overcrowded cities led to riots during the 1960s．New Jersey’s state government started rebuilding inner cities．Several bonds were issued to provide money for better government programs．The Pinelands National Reserve was established to protect plants，animals，land，and water．
In 1969，a state lottery was approved to raise money for education．Several schools were built or expanded．Gambling casinos（娱乐场（供表演跳舞、赌博的地方），（=cassino）一种由二至四人玩的纸牌游戏）were also allowed in 1977，to raise money for the disabled and the elderly．
The history of air travel has close ties to New Jersey．On May 3，1919，the first passenger flight in American history was flown from New York to Atlantic City．Today，New Jersey is home to two international airports，Newark and Atlantic City．Newark Airport expanded its passenger and cargo（船货，（车、船、飞机等运输的）货物）services in 1963．In the 1980s，it became one of the world’s busiest airports．
Recently New Jersey is attracting new industries．Several computer companies have created thousands of jobs．The state is still facing problems of pollution and high government costs．
Governor州长
代理州长Richard J．Codey团结人民，并完成了两党连立的目标，他是一位干练的领导，在群众中赢得了威望和声誉。他在政府已有30年的职业生涯，他的同事和选民把他看作无党派者和为人民谋福利的拥护者。自2004年11月16日以来，他继续着他的代理州长的职务。
Acting Governor Richard J．Codey has earned a reputation as a skillful leader who brings people together to achieve bipartisan（bipartisan：adj．两党连立的）goals．Throughout a career in State government that has spanned（跨距）more than three decades，he has been regarded by his colleagues and constituents as an independent thinker and a champion of change to benefit the public good．He has continued to build upon this record as Acting Governor，a post he assumed on November 16，2004．
As Acting Governor，Codey has worked to restore faith，integrity（正直，完整）and hope in State government in New Jersey．Making ethics in government the focus of his Administration’s policy agenda，he created the Office of Inspector General to root out waste，fraud（欺骗）and mismanagement，hired Special Ethics Counsel to develop a mandatory（命令的，强制的）ethics training program，and worked with the Legislature to prohibit campaign contributions by business entities（实体）seeking or holding State contracts．
