Where the obligor has delegated an obligation， the new obligor may avail itself of any of the original obligors defenses against the obligee.
Where the obligor delegates an obligation， the new obligor shall assume any incidental obligation associated with the main obligation， except where such incidental obligation is exclusively personal to the original obligor.
译文：
债务人将合同的义务全部或者部分转移给第三人的，应当经债权人同意。
债务人转移义务的，新债务人可以主张原债务人对债权人的抗辩。
债务人转移义务的，新债务人应当承担与主债务有关的附随债务，但该附随债务专属于原债务人自身的除外。
例38：
The defence and limitation of liability provided for in this Chapter shall apply to any legal action brought against the carrier with regard to the loss of or damage to or delay in delivery of the goods covered by the contract of carriage of goods by sea， whether the claimant is a party to the contract or whether the action is founded in contract or in tort.
译文：
就海上货物运输合同所涉及的货物丢失、损坏或者迟延交付对承运人提起的任何诉讼，不论海事请求人是否合同的一方，也不论是否根据合同或是根据侵权行为提起的，均适用本章关于承运人的抗辩理由和限制赔偿责任的规定。
例39：
(1) If the seller， in accordance with the contract or this Convention， hands the goods over to a carrier and if the goods are not clearly identified to the contract by markings on the goods， by shipping documents or otherwise， the seller must give the buyer notice of the consignment specifying the goods.
(2) If the seller is bound to arrange for carriage of the goods， he must make such contracts that are necessary for carriage to the place fixed by means of transportation appropriate in the circumstances and according to the usual terms for such transportation.
(3) If the seller is not bound to effect insurance in respect of the carriage of the goods， he must， at the buyers request， provide him with all available information necessary to enable him to effect such insurance.
译文：
（1）若卖方按合同或本公约的规定将货物交付给承运人，如果没有在货物上加标记、或在装运单据或以其它方式清楚地注明有关合同，卖方必须向买方发出说明货物的发货通知。
（2）若卖方有义务安排货物的运输，他必须订立必要的合同，按通常运输条件，用适合的运输工具，把货物运到指定地点。
（3）若卖方无义务对货物的运输办理保险，他必须在买方提出要求时，向买方提供一切现有的、必要资料，使他能够办理这种保险。
例40：
If a person acts as manager or provides services in order to protect another persons interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so， he shall be entitled to claim from the beneficiary the expenses necessary for such assistance.
译文：
没有法定的或约定的义务，为避免他人利益受损失进行管理或者提供服务的人，有权要求受益人偿付由此而支付的必要费用。
例41：
When shares are issued， the principles of openness， fairness， and equity shall be followed， and each share in the same class must have the same rights and receive the same interests.
For shares issued at the same time， each share shall be issued on the same conditions and at the same price. All entities or individuals subscribing for shares shall pay the same price for each share.
译文：
股份的发行，实行公开、公平、公正的原则，必须同股同权，同股同利。
同次发行的股票，每股的发行条件和价格应当相同。任何单位或者个人所认购的股份，每股应当支付相同价额。
例42：
In order to establish a branch within China， a foreign company must appoint a representative or agent in charge of such branch within China， and fund its branch as appropriate in light of the nature of its intended business.
Where operation of certain branches of foreign companies is subject to a minimum level of funding， such level shall be prescribed separately.
译文：
外国公司在中国境内设立分支机构，必须在中国境内指定负责该分支机构的代表或者代理人，并向该分支机构拨付与其所从事的经营活动相适应的资金。
对外国公司分支机构的经营资金需要规定最低限额的，应另行规定。
